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Pitching machine
A pitching machine is a machine that automatically pitches a baseball to a batter at different speeds and styles. Most machines are hand-fed, but there are some that automatically feed. There are multiple types of pitching machines; softball, baseball, youth, adult, and a combination of both softball and baseball.
==History==
In 1897, mathematics instructor Charles Hinton designed a gunpowder-powered baseball pitching machine for the Princeton University baseball team's batting practice.〔Hinton, Charles, "A Mechanical Pitcher", Harper's Weekly, March 20, 1897, p. 301–302〕 According to one source it caused several injuries, and may have been in part responsible for Hinton's dismissal from Princeton that year.〔Physics in Higher-Dimensional Manifolds (bottom page 5 )〕 However, the machine was versatile: it was capable of throwing variable speeds with an adjustable breech size and firing curve balls by the use of two rubber coated steel fingers at the muzzle of the pitcher.〔Hinton, Charles, "The Motion of a Baseball", ''The Yearbook of the Minneapolis Society of Engineers'', May 1908, p. 18–28〕 Hinton successfully introduced the machine to the University of Minnesota where he worked as an assistant professor until 1900.
The arm-type pitching machine was designed by Paul Giovagnoli in 1952, for use on his driving range. Using a metal arm mounted to a large gear, this type of machine simulates the motion of an actual pitcher, throwing balls with consistent speed and direction. Mass production of this design began in 1976, with the founding of Master Pitching Machine.〔(Master Pitching Machine - Company History )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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